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nixpkgs/nixos/doc/manual/installation/installing-usb.section.md
Jeppe Fihl-Pearson b5f36e84d1 Add block size to dd command 
Without configuring the block size a default of 512 bytes is used, which can
slow down the transfer speed massively.

In a test I've done with a semi-decent USB stick, I only get a transfer speed
of around 180 KB/sec when not specifying the block size but see 27 MB/sec when
setting the block size to 1 MB. This makes the transfer of the minimal
installation ISO take half a minute instead of an hour.
2022-04-01 22:14:04 +02:00

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Booting from a USB Drive

For systems without CD drive, the NixOS live CD can be booted from a USB stick. You can use the dd utility to write the image: dd if=path-to-image of=/dev/sdX. Be careful about specifying the correct drive; you can use the lsblk command to get a list of block devices.

::: {.note} ::: {.title} On macOS :::

$ diskutil list
[..]
/dev/diskN (external, physical):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
[..]
$ diskutil unmountDisk diskN
Unmount of all volumes on diskN was successful
$ sudo dd if=nix.iso of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1M

Using the 'raw' rdiskN device instead of diskN completes in minutes instead of hours. After dd completes, a GUI dialog "The disk you inserted was not readable by this computer" will pop up, which can be ignored. :::

The dd utility will write the image verbatim to the drive, making it the recommended option for both UEFI and non-UEFI installations.