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Reorganize the chapters into parts and reduce the TOC depth to make the TOC useful again. The top-level TOC is very brief, but that is fine because every part will have its own TOC. Section titles of languages/frameworks are also simplified to just the name of the language/framework.
84 lines
3.3 KiB
XML
84 lines
3.3 KiB
XML
<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xml:id="chap-platform-notes">
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<title>Platform Notes</title>
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<section xml:id="sec-darwin">
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<title>Darwin (macOS)</title>
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<para>
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Some common issues when packaging software for Darwin:
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The Darwin <literal>stdenv</literal> uses clang instead of gcc. When referring to the compiler <varname>$CC</varname> or <command>cc</command> will work in both cases. Some builds hardcode gcc/g++ in their build scripts, that can usually be fixed with using something like <literal>makeFlags = [ "CC=cc" ];</literal> or by patching the build scripts.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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stdenv.mkDerivation {
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name = "libfoo-1.2.3";
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# ...
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buildPhase = ''
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$CC -o hello hello.c
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'';
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}
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</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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On Darwin, libraries are linked using absolute paths, libraries are resolved by their <literal>install_name</literal> at link time. Sometimes packages won't set this correctly causing the library lookups to fail at runtime. This can be fixed by adding extra linker flags or by running <command>install_name_tool -id</command> during the <function>fixupPhase</function>.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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stdenv.mkDerivation {
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name = "libfoo-1.2.3";
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# ...
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makeFlags = stdenv.lib.optional stdenv.isDarwin "LDFLAGS=-Wl,-install_name,$(out)/lib/libfoo.dylib";
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}
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</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Even if the libraries are linked using absolute paths and resolved via their <literal>install_name</literal> correctly, tests can sometimes fail to run binaries. This happens because the <varname>checkPhase</varname> runs before the libraries are installed.
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</para>
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<para>
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This can usually be solved by running the tests after the <varname>installPhase</varname> or alternatively by using <varname>DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH</varname>. More information about this variable can be found in the <citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>dyld</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> manpage.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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dyld: Library not loaded: /nix/store/7hnmbscpayxzxrixrgxvvlifzlxdsdir-jq-1.5-lib/lib/libjq.1.dylib
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Referenced from: /private/tmp/nix-build-jq-1.5.drv-0/jq-1.5/tests/../jq
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Reason: image not found
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./tests/jqtest: line 5: 75779 Abort trap: 6
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</programlisting>
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<programlisting>
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stdenv.mkDerivation {
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name = "libfoo-1.2.3";
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# ...
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doInstallCheck = true;
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installCheckTarget = "check";
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}
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</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Some packages assume xcode is available and use <command>xcrun</command> to resolve build tools like <command>clang</command>, etc. This causes errors like <code>xcode-select: error: no developer tools were found at '/Applications/Xcode.app'</code> while the build doesn't actually depend on xcode.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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stdenv.mkDerivation {
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name = "libfoo-1.2.3";
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# ...
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prePatch = ''
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substituteInPlace Makefile \
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--replace '/usr/bin/xcrun clang' clang
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'';
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}
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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The package <literal>xcbuild</literal> can be used to build projects that really depend on Xcode. However, this replacement is not 100% compatible with Xcode and can occasionally cause issues.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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</chapter>
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