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143 lines
3.8 KiB
XML
143 lines
3.8 KiB
XML
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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xml:id="sec-fhs-environments">
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<title>buildFHSUserEnv</title>
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<para>
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<function>buildFHSUserEnv</function> provides a way to build and run
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FHS-compatible lightweight sandboxes. It creates an isolated root with bound
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<filename>/nix/store</filename>, so its footprint in terms of disk space
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needed is quite small. This allows one to run software which is hard or
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unfeasible to patch for NixOS -- 3rd-party source trees with FHS assumptions,
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games distributed as tarballs, software with integrity checking and/or
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external self-updated binaries. It uses Linux namespaces feature to create
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temporary lightweight environments which are destroyed after all child
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processes exit, without root user rights requirement. Accepted arguments are:
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</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<literal>name</literal>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Environment name.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<literal>targetPkgs</literal>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Packages to be installed for the main host's architecture (i.e. x86_64 on
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x86_64 installations). Along with libraries binaries are also installed.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<literal>multiPkgs</literal>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Packages to be installed for all architectures supported by a host (i.e.
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i686 and x86_64 on x86_64 installations). Only libraries are installed by
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default.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<literal>extraBuildCommands</literal>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Additional commands to be executed for finalizing the directory structure.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<literal>extraBuildCommandsMulti</literal>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Like <literal>extraBuildCommands</literal>, but executed only on multilib
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architectures.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<literal>extraOutputsToInstall</literal>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Additional derivation outputs to be linked for both target and
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multi-architecture packages.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<literal>extraInstallCommands</literal>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Additional commands to be executed for finalizing the derivation with
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runner script.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>
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<literal>runScript</literal>
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</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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A command that would be executed inside the sandbox and passed all the
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command line arguments. It defaults to <literal>bash</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>
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One can create a simple environment using a <literal>shell.nix</literal> like
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that:
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</para>
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<programlisting><![CDATA[
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{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {} }:
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(pkgs.buildFHSUserEnv {
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name = "simple-x11-env";
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targetPkgs = pkgs: (with pkgs;
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[ udev
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alsaLib
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]) ++ (with pkgs.xorg;
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[ libX11
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libXcursor
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libXrandr
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]);
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multiPkgs = pkgs: (with pkgs;
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[ udev
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alsaLib
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]);
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runScript = "bash";
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}).env
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]]></programlisting>
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<para>
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Running <literal>nix-shell</literal> would then drop you into a shell with
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these libraries and binaries available. You can use this to run closed-source
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applications which expect FHS structure without hassles: simply change
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<literal>runScript</literal> to the application path, e.g.
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<filename>./bin/start.sh</filename> -- relative paths are supported.
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</para>
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</section>
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