LUKS-Encrypted File Systems
NixOS supports file systems that are encrypted using
LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup). For example,
here is how you create an encrypted Ext4 file system on the device
/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d:
# cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d
WARNING!
========
This will overwrite data on /dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d irrevocably.
Are you sure? (Type uppercase yes): YES
Enter LUKS passphrase: ***
Verify passphrase: ***
# cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d crypted
Enter passphrase for /dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d: ***
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/crypted
The LUKS volume should be automatically picked up by
nixos-generate-config, but you might want to
verify that your hardware-configuration.nix looks
correct. To manually ensure that the system is automatically mounted
at boot time as /, add the following to
configuration.nix:
boot.initrd.luks.devices.crypted.device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d";
fileSystems."/".device = "/dev/mapper/crypted";
Should grub be used as bootloader, and /boot is
located on an encrypted partition, it is necessary to add the
following grub option:
boot.loader.grub.enableCryptodisk = true;
FIDO2
NixOS also supports unlocking your LUKS-Encrypted file system
using a FIDO2 compatible token. In the following example, we will
create a new FIDO2 credential and add it as a new key to our
existing device /dev/sda2:
# export FIDO2_LABEL="/dev/sda2 @ $HOSTNAME"
# fido2luks credential "$FIDO2_LABEL"
f1d00200108b9d6e849a8b388da457688e3dd653b4e53770012d8f28e5d3b269865038c346802f36f3da7278b13ad6a3bb6a1452e24ebeeaa24ba40eef559b1b287d2a2f80b7
# fido2luks -i add-key /dev/sda2 f1d00200108b9d6e849a8b388da457688e3dd653b4e53770012d8f28e5d3b269865038c346802f36f3da7278b13ad6a3bb6a1452e24ebeeaa24ba40eef559b1b287d2a2f80b7
Password:
Password (again):
Old password:
Old password (again):
Added to key to device /dev/sda2, slot: 2
To ensure that this file system is decrypted using the FIDO2
compatible key, add the following to
configuration.nix:
boot.initrd.luks.fido2Support = true;
boot.initrd.luks.devices."/dev/sda2".fido2.credential = "f1d00200108b9d6e849a8b388da457688e3dd653b4e53770012d8f28e5d3b269865038c346802f36f3da7278b13ad6a3bb6a1452e24ebeeaa24ba40eef559b1b287d2a2f80b7";
You can also use the FIDO2 passwordless setup, but for security
reasons, you might want to enable it only when your device is PIN
protected, such as
Trezor.
boot.initrd.luks.devices."/dev/sda2".fido2.passwordLess = true;