forked from mirrors/nixpkgs
52 lines
1.9 KiB
XML
52 lines
1.9 KiB
XML
|
<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
|
|||
|
|
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
|
|||
|
|
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
|
|||
|
|
version="5.0"
|
|||
|
|
xml:id="sec-logging">
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<title>Logging</title>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<para>System-wide logging is provided by systemd’s
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis>journal</emphasis>, which subsumes traditional logging
|
|||
|
|
daemons such as syslogd and klogd. Log entries are kept in binary
|
|||
|
|
files in <filename>/var/log/journal/</filename>. The command
|
|||
|
|
<literal>journalctl</literal> allows you to see the contents of the
|
|||
|
|
journal. For example,
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<screen>
|
|||
|
|
$ journalctl -b
|
|||
|
|
</screen>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
shows all journal entries since the last reboot. (The output of
|
|||
|
|
<command>journalctl</command> is piped into <command>less</command> by
|
|||
|
|
default.) You can use various options and match operators to restrict
|
|||
|
|
output to messages of interest. For instance, to get all messages
|
|||
|
|
from PostgreSQL:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<screen>
|
|||
|
|
$ journalctl -u postgresql.service
|
|||
|
|
-- Logs begin at Mon, 2013-01-07 13:28:01 CET, end at Tue, 2013-01-08 01:09:57 CET. --
|
|||
|
|
...
|
|||
|
|
Jan 07 15:44:14 hagbard postgres[2681]: [2-1] LOG: database system is shut down
|
|||
|
|
-- Reboot --
|
|||
|
|
Jan 07 15:45:10 hagbard postgres[2532]: [1-1] LOG: database system was shut down at 2013-01-07 15:44:14 CET
|
|||
|
|
Jan 07 15:45:13 hagbard postgres[2500]: [1-1] LOG: database system is ready to accept connections
|
|||
|
|
</screen>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Or to get all messages since the last reboot that have at least a
|
|||
|
|
“critical” severity level:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<screen>
|
|||
|
|
$ journalctl -b -p crit
|
|||
|
|
Dec 17 21:08:06 mandark sudo[3673]: pam_unix(sudo:auth): auth could not identify password for [alice]
|
|||
|
|
Dec 29 01:30:22 mandark kernel[6131]: [1053513.909444] CPU6: Core temperature above threshold, cpu clock throttled (total events = 1)
|
|||
|
|
</screen>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</para>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<para>The system journal is readable by root and by users in the
|
|||
|
|
<literal>wheel</literal> and <literal>systemd-journal</literal>
|
|||
|
|
groups. All users have a private journal that can be read using
|
|||
|
|
<command>journalctl</command>.</para>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</chapter>
|